Tandberg - was founded by Vebjørn Tandberg in Norway in 1933 under the name Tandbergs Radiofabrikk. In the early 1950s, a factory was opened to produce reel-to-reel tape recorders. In the 1960s, Tandberg introduced cross-field recording technology and later licensed the concept to Akai, which was used in Akai and Roberts recorders. In 1978, the company went bankrupt and was broken up. In 1984, the consumer audio division was spun off into a separate company, Tandberg Audio A.s. In 1988, it was renamed Tandberg Audio Products A.s. and closed in 2000.